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2015. Том 10. Выпуск 1. ПРОСТРАНСТВО И ВРЕМЯ ТЕКСТА / SPACE AND TIME OF THE TEXT / RAUM UND ZEIT DES TEXTES

ЧИТАТЬ ПОЛИТИКУ / TO READ THE POLICY / DIE POLITIK LESEN

Ярмак Ю.В.

Политический текст в коммуникативном пространстве современного образовательного процесса

Ярмак Юрий Васильевич, доктор политических наук, профессор, ГБОУ ВПО «Московский городской педагогический университет»

E-mail: y.yarmak@mail.ru

В статье образовательный процесс рассматривается как особая форма коммуникативного пространства. Автор рассматривает особенности интерпретации политических текстов в различны видах образовательных практик в их истории и современности. Особое внимание в работе уделяется проблемам исследования концептуального аппарата политического текста; исследуются вопросы доступности информации в различных пространствах интернета.

Ключевые слова: текст, политический текст, коммуникативное пространство, образовательный процесс, оппонентный круг, информация, Интернет и ИТ-услуги в образовании, интерпретация.

Литература 

Ануфриев Е.А. Политическая педагогика в гуманитарном образовании современной России // Вестник Московского университета. Сер. 18: Социология и политология. 2001. № 4. С. 118—129.

Бокачев И.А., Лукинова И.А. Виртуализация современной системы образования: «за» и «против» // Гуманитарные, социально-экономические и общественные науки. 2015. №. 1. С. 15—19.

Грошев М.М. Коммуникационные технологии в процессе политической социализации молодежи современной России. Автореф. дисс. ... к. полит. н. Н. Новгород, 2006.

Ковалёв В.А. Российская политология в условиях инволюции системы образования и социальной деградации // Мировая политика: проблемы теоретической идентификации и современного развития. Политическая наука-2005. Ежегодник. М.: РОССПЭН, 2006. С. 453—474.

Коваленко В.И. Политологическое образование в Московском университете и России: новые перспективы // Вестник Московского университета. Сер. 12: Политические науки. 2005. №. 1. С. 3—9.

Поварнин С.И. Искусство спора. Изд. 2-е, испр. и доп. Петроград: Начатки знаний, 1923.

Сорина Г.В. Диалог сквозь века: образовательное коммуникативное пространство [Электронный ресурс] // Электронное научное издание Альманах Пространство и Время. 2015. Т. 8. Вып. 1: Пространство и время образования. Стационарный сетевой адрес: 2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast8-1.2015.42.

Сорина Г.В. Принятие решений как интеллектуальная деятельность. М.: Гардарики, 2005.

Тынянова О.Н. Власть и ее окрестности // Пространство и Время. 2014. № 3(17). С. 10—13.

Чистяков А.В. Социализация личности в обществе Интернет-коммуникаций: социокультурный анализ. Дисс. ... д. социол. н. Ростов-на-Дону, 2006.

Шестопал Е.Б., Климов И.А., Нестерова С.В. Некоторые проблемы политологического образования в высшей школе России // Полис. 1997. №. 1. С. 167—181.

Ярмак Ю.В. Политическая планово-проектная деятельность в социальных коммуникациях. М.: МГПУ, 2013.

Ярмак Ю.В. Политические решения: теория и технологии. М.: Перспектива, 2005.

Ярошевский М.Г. Оппонентный круг и научное открытие // Вопросы философии. 1983. № 10. С. 49—61.

Crick B., Heater D. Essays on Political Education. London: Routledge, 2012.

Greenwald G., MacAskill E. "NSA Prism Program Taps in to User Data of Apple, Google and Others." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited, 7 June 2013. Web. <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/ jun/06/us-tech-giants-nsa-data>.

Jakobi A.P., Martens K., Wolf K.D., eds. Education in Political Science: Discovering a Neglected Field. London, New York: Routledge, 2009.

Laver M., Garry J. "Estimating Policy Positions from Political Texts." American Journal of Political Science 44.3 (2000): 619—634.

Lowe W., Benoit K., Mikhaylov S., Laver M. "Scaling Policy Preferences from Coded Political Texts." Legislative Studies Quarterly 36.1 (2011); 123—155.

Papastephanou M. "Communicative Utopia and Political Re-education." Habermas, Critical Theory and Education. Eds. M. Murphy, and T. Fleming London: Routledge, 2010, pp. 33—46.

Sloam J. "Teaching Democracy: The Role of Political Science Education." The British Journal of Politics & International Relations 10.3 (2008): 509—524.

Yarmak Yu.V.

Political Text in the Communicative Space of Modern Educational Process

Yury V. Yarmak, D.Phil. (Political Sciences), Professor, Moscow City Pedagogical University

E-mail: y.yarmak@mail.ru

The educational process is a kind of communicative space in which there are both peculiar and traditional elements, communication patterns and parameters of functioning information in the interaction between source of messages and their recipient. Complex (system) of such communication space may be viewed in the coordinate system of political communications themselves, in particular, as political texts used in different types of educational practices. In the process of understanding the meaning of political reality, there is little that can replace the research side of the political analysis of the text associated with the specific policy questions and presented in concrete political science courses. Political texts help build general social characteristics of plurality of actors involved in the political process. During the work on such texts common communication units used by the parties in the understanding and perception of the information are formed. Thus, the features of the place and role of political text in modern educational space are a matter of significant interest.

The subject of my study is the educational process as a special form of communication space. For these purposes, I use social-philosophical, structural-functional and discourse analysis.

In my work, I pay special attention to problems of studying conceptual apparatus of political text. I also study the question of accessibility of information in different spaces of the Internet. Electronic means of information delivery themselves do not predispose to thoughtful analysis of official government document, particular actor’s political text. As soon as the process of obtaining information is simplified, intellectual mechanism promoting the development of skills of problem understanding through the comprehension of text information, operates weaker and weaker. Skill and the need to communicate with the book in the framework of educational process are disappeared. It is a significant threat, particularly for the formation of new generations of political scientists under conditions of increased global information warfare and pressure of soft power.

I show under the conditions contemporary in the framework of political communication the full range of formal and informal processes of information exchange between government institutions and the community actively used. Thus, political communication as a whole looks like activity related to the production (creation) and the interpretation of texts. It is in this context, importance of thoughtful analysis of political texts in the context of opponent circle of educational process, which includes both teachers and students, is just increasing.

I conclude that accustoming students to care expert work, we ‘vaccinated’ them by thoughtless, lightweight and credulous relationship to any materials, regardless of who they throw in the media space, whether our foreign adversaries or domestic media, government institutions or non-governmental organizations. Thus, we are increasing the practical importance of humanitarian knowledge and, after all, protect future political analysts from the manipulative influence.

Keywords: text, political text, communicative space, educational process, opponent circle, information, Internet and IT-services in education, interpretation.

References: 

Anufriev E.A. "Political Pedagogy in Modern Russia’s Humanitarian Education." Herald of Moscow University. Series 18: Sociology and Political Science 4 (2001): 118—129. (In Russian).

Bokachev I.A., Lukinova I.A. "Advantages and Disadvantages of Virtualization of Modern Education System." Humanitarian, Social, Economic, and Civic Sciences 1 (2015): 15—19. (In Russian).

Chistyakov A.V. The Personality’s Socialization in Community of Internet Communications: Social and Cultural Analysis. Doctoral diss. Rostov-on-Don, 2006. (In Russian).

Crick B., Heater D. Essays on Political Education. London: Routledge, 2012.

Greenwald G., MacAskill E. "NSA Prism Program Taps in to User Data of Apple, Google and Others." The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited, 7 June 2013. Web. <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/ jun/06/us-tech-giants-nsa-data>.

Groshev M.M. Communication Technologies in the Process of Political Socialization of the Youth in Modern Russia. Synopsis of Ph.D. diss. Nizhny Novgorod, 2006. (In Russian).

Jakobi A.P., Martens K., Wolf K.D., eds. Education in Political Science: Discovering a Neglected Field. London, New York: Routledge, 2009.

Kovalev V.A. "Russian Political Science under the Involution of the Education System and Social Degradation.” World Politics: Problems of Theoretical Identifying and Modern Development. Political Science 2005. Yearbook. Moscow: ROSSPEN Publisher, 2006, pp. 453—474. (In Russian).

Kovalenko V.I. "Political Education at the University of Moscow and Russia: New Prospects.” Herald of Moscow University. Series 12: Political Science 1 (2005): 3—9. (In Russian).

Laver M., Garry J. "Estimating Policy Positions from Political Texts." American Journal of Political Science 44.3 (2000): 619—634.

Lowe W., Benoit K., Mikhaylov S., Laver M. "Scaling Policy Preferences from Coded Political Texts." Legislative Studies Quarterly 36.1 (2011); 123—155.

Papastephanou M. "Communicative Utopia and Political Re-education." Habermas, Critical Theory and Education. Eds. M. Murphy, and T. Fleming London: Routledge, 2010, pp. 33—46.

Povarnin S.I. Art of the Dispute. Petrograd: Nachatki Znaniy Publisher, 1923. (In Russian).

Shestopal E.B., Klimov I.A., Nesterova S.V. "Some Problems of Political Science Education in the Higher School of Russia." Polis (Political Studies) 1 (1997): 167—181. (In Russian).

Sloam J. "Teaching Democracy: The Role of Political Science Education." The British Journal of Politics & International Relations 10.3 (2008): 509—524.

Sorina G.V. Decision Making as Intellectual Activity. Moscow: Gardariki Publisher, 2005. (In Russian).

Sorina G.V. "Dialogue Through the Ages: Educational Communicative Space." Elektronnoe nauchnoe izdanie Al'manakh Prostranstvo i Vremya: ‘Prostranstvo i vremya obazovaniya’ [Electronic Scientific Edition Almanac Space and Time: 'The Space and Time of Education’] 8.1 (2015). Web. <2227-9490e-aprovr_e-ast8-1.2015.42>. (In Russian).

Tynyanova O.N. "Power and Its Neighborhood." Prostranstvo i Vremya [Space and Time] 3 (2014): 10—13. (In Russian).

Yarmak Yu. Political Decision Theory and Technology. Moscow: Vista Publisher, 2005. (In Russian).

Yarmak Yu. Political Planning and Projective Activities in Social Communication. Moscow: Moscow City Pedagogical University Publisher, 2013. (In Russian).

Yaroshevsky M.G. "Opponent Circle and Scientific Discovery." Problems of Philosophy 10 (1983): 49—61. (In Russian).